Microplastics in Landfill Leachate: A Comprehensive Review on Characteristics, Detection, and Their Fates during Advanced Oxidation Processes

Microplastics are generated from plastic waste in landfills due to physical, chemical, and biological effects, eventually enter into the leachate. Leachate is a potential source of environmental microplastics which has not been emphasized. Here, we summarized investigation leachate 9 countries 28 papers, provided comprehensive review sampling, detection, separation leachate, elaborated on quality control each process. There more than forty types with diverse shapes, wide size distribution, concentrations 0–25 items/L. Commonly used techniques FTIR, Raman, SEM, py-GC–MS for characterizing microplastics, while standardization micro- or nanoplastics complex composition should be further studied. We also discussed depth degradation mechanism advanced oxidation processes (AOPs). can decomposed small molecules such as aldehydes ketones, some even degraded CO2 H2O AOPs, may implemented treatment plants. This provides scientific fundamentals understanding landfill proposes removal strategies future research.